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CSS animation-delay property


The animation-delay property in CSS specifies the amount of time to wait before starting an animation. It allows you to set a delay between the moment the animation is applied to an element and when the animation actually begins. This can be useful for synchronizing animations or creating timed effects.

Syntax

element {
  animation-delay: time;
}
  • time: Defines the delay before the animation starts. It can be specified in seconds (s) or milliseconds (ms). For example, 2s represents a 2-second delay, and 500ms represents a 500-millisecond delay.

How It Works

  1. Define the Keyframes:

    • Create a @keyframes rule to define the stages of the animation.
    @keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

  2. Apply the Animation:

    • Use the animation-delay property to specify how long to wait before the animation starts.
    .fade-in-box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: blue;
  animation-name: fadeIn;
  animation-duration: 3s;
  animation-delay: 2s;
}
    • In this example, the .fade-in-box element will wait 2 seconds before starting the fadeIn animation, which will then take 3 seconds to complete.

Example

HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Animation Delay Example</title>
  <style>
    @keyframes slideIn {
      from {
        transform: translateX(-100%);
      }
      to {
        transform: translateX(0);
      }
    }

    .sliding-box {
      width: 100px;
      height: 100px;
      background-color: green;
      position: relative;
      animation-name: slideIn;
      animation-duration: 3s;
      animation-delay: 1s;
      animation-fill-mode: both;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="sliding-box"></div>
</body>
</html>

Explanation:

  • @keyframes slideIn:

    • Defines an animation that moves the element from the left (translateX(-100%)) to its original position (translateX(0)).

  • .sliding-box:

    • The animation-name property applies the slideIn animation.
    • The animation-duration property sets the animation duration to 3 seconds.
    • The animation-delay property specifies a delay of 1 second before the animation starts.
    • The animation-fill-mode: both ensures that the element retains the styles from the animation’s start and end states.

Important Points

  1. Default Value:

    • The default value for animation-delay is 0s, meaning the animation will start immediately.

  2. Multiple Animations:

    • You can specify different delays for multiple animations applied to the same element by separating them with commas.
    element {
  animation-name: fadeIn, slideIn;
  animation-duration: 2s, 3s;
  animation-delay: 1s, 0s;
}
    • In this case, the first animation (fadeIn) will start with a 1-second delay, and the second animation (slideIn) will start immediately.

  3. Timing:

    • The delay is counted from the moment the animation is applied to the element, not from the page load or element visibility.



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